The human
body is a complex system. What is seen outside is far simpler than what is to
be seen inside. To the extent of what we know, our body is a network of systems
that goes hand in hand to each other to achieve the state of homeostasis.
Hormones, known as the “chemical messengers in the body” contribute to
homeostasis by their circulation in the body and action on target cells. They
are classified as many, are specific thus acting on different parts of the body
or organs to which they target define an effect and produce biochemical
changes, or increase activity of some series of reactions. Most hormones,
especially those which are within the scope of clinical chemistry are
classified under those produced by the endocrine system. Endocrinology (endo- =
within; -crino = to secrete; -logy = study of) as being the study of the
endocrine system and a field of clinical chemistry, is known as a branch of
science which deals with the endocrine glands’ structure and function and the
endocrine system’s diagnosis and treatment of disorders.
Endocrine glands are also referred to as ductless glands. Hormones secreted by them are directly leading to the bloodstream and are carried by proteins as they travel to it. As the body's chemical messengers, the transfer of information and instructions are carried out thus regulation of body growth, development, reproductive functions, and metabolism is achieved.
The primary glands that comprises the endocrine system are the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, parathyroid gland, thyroid gland, the adrenal glands, gonads (ovaries and testes), and the pancreas though it is also associated with the digestive system.
Image credit:
Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009.
©
1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation.
References:
Gerard J. Tortora and Bryan H. Derrickson 12th Edition Principles of Anatomy and Physiology
Donald F. Calbreath Clinical Chemistry: A Fundamental Textbook
Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation.
